星期二, 7月 12

高云翔与王晶在澳洲涉性侵案 澳大利亚联邦刑法典关于性侵的相关量刑法条

据媒体报道,演员高云翔 和一名35岁的男子王晶在悉尼涉嫌性侵被捕,报道称被性侵者是位36岁的女性,发生在当地时间周一,两人仍被警方控制中,案件将在6月重回法庭审理。据悉,高云翔和董璇主演的新剧26日刚在澳洲杀青,其本人还在当天晒出杀青照。

那么涉及性侵在澳大利亚是如何量刑的呢?

我们看最新修正的澳大利亚联邦刑法典(Criminal Code Ac),中关于性侵的表述,

268.14危害人类罪 – 强奸罪 (1)任何人(犯罪人)在下列情况下犯下罪行: (a)行为人未经该人同意而对另一人进行性侵犯;和 (b)肇事者知道或罔顾未经同意;和 (c)行为人的行为是故意或故意实施的,作为针对平民的广泛或系统攻击的一部分。 处罚:监禁25年。

(2)一个人(犯罪人)在下列情况下犯罪: (a)肇事者未经另一人同意,导致另一人对肇事者进行性侵犯;和 (b)肇事者知道或罔顾未经同意;和 (c)行为人的行为是故意或故意实施的,作为针对平民的广泛或系统攻击的一部分。 处罚:监禁25年。

(3)在本节中:
同意意味着自由和自愿的协议。
以下是一个人不同意某种行为的例子:
(a)该人因武力或恐惧武力而向该人或其他人提交该行为;
(b)该人因该人被非法拘留而提交该行为;
(c)该人处于睡眠或昏迷状态,或因酗酒或其他药物而受到影响而无法同意;
(d)该人无法理解该行为的基本性质;
(e)该人误解该行为的基本性质(例如,该人误认为该行为是出于医疗或卫生目的);
(f)该人因心理压迫或滥用权力而对该行为作出陈述;
(g)由于犯罪者利用强制性环境而提交该人的行为。
(4)在本节中:
性侵入意味着:
(a)任何人的身体的任何部分或该另一人操纵的任何物体渗透(在任何范围内)人的生殖器或肛门;要么
(b)透过他人的阴茎(任何程度)渗透人的嘴巴;要么
(c)继续按照(a)或(b)段的规定进行性侵犯。
(5)在本节中,对未经性接触同意而鲁莽的做法包括不考虑该人是否同意性接触。
(6)在本节中,一个人的生殖器或其他身体部位包括手术构建的生殖器或人体的其他部位。
268.15危害人类罪 - 性奴役
(1)任何人(犯罪人)在下列情况下犯下罪行:
(a)犯罪者造成他人进入或继续处于性奴役状态;和
(b)肇事者意图造成或肆意造成性奴役;和
(c)行为人的行为是故意或故意实施的,作为针对平民的广泛或系统攻击的一部分。
处罚:监禁25年。
(2)就本节而言,性奴役是提供性服务的人的条件,并且由于使用武力或威胁:
(a)不能自由停止提供性服务;要么
(b)不能自由离开该人提供性服务的地点或地区。
(3)在本节中:
威胁意味着:
(a)威胁使用武力;要么
(b)导致一个人被驱逐出境的威胁;要么
(c)有任何其他有害行为的威胁,除非有合理的理由认为该行为与某人提供性服务有关。
268.16反人类强迫卖淫罪
(1)任何人(犯罪人)在下列情况下犯下罪行:
(a)肇事者未经一人或多人同意,导致一人或多人参与一项或多项性行为,包括罔顾是否同意;和
(b)行为人意图使他或她或另一人获得金钱或其他利益以换取性行为或与之相关的行为;和
(c)行为人的行为是故意或故意实施的,作为针对平民的广泛或系统攻击的一部分。
处罚:监禁25年。
(2)在第(1)款中:
同意意味着自由和自愿的协议。
以下是一个人不同意某种行为的例子:
(a)该人因武力或恐惧武力而向该人或其他人提交该行为;
(b)该人因该人被非法拘留而提交该行为;
(c)该人处于睡眠或昏迷状态,或因酗酒或其他药物而受到影响而无法同意;
(d)该人无法理解该行为的基本性质;
(e)该人误解该行为的基本性质(例如,该人误认为该行为是出于医疗或卫生目的);
(f)该人因心理压迫或滥用权力而对该行为作出陈述;
(g)由于犯罪者利用强制性环境而提交该人的行为。
武力威胁或胁迫包括:
(a)威胁使用武力或胁迫,例如恐惧暴力,胁迫,拘留,心理压迫或滥用权力;要么
(b)利用强制性环境。
(3)在第(1)款中,罔顾是否同意一项或多于一项性的行为,包括不考虑该人是否同意从事一项或多项性本质。
268.19危害人类罪 - 性暴力
(1)任何人(犯罪人)在下列情况下犯下罪行:
(a)犯罪者有以下任何一种行为:
(i)对一人或多人实施一种或多种性行为;
(ii)导致一人或多人从事一种或多种性行为;
未经一人或多人同意,包括罔顾是否同意;和
(b)行为人的行为与第268.14至268.18节提及的犯罪行为相当;和
(c)行为人的行为是故意或故意实施的,作为针对平民的广泛或系统攻击的一部分。
处罚:监禁25年。
(2)严格责任适用于第(1)(b)款。
(3)在第(1)款中:
同意意味着自由和自愿的协议。
以下是一个人不同意某种行为的例子:(a)该人因武力或恐惧武力而向该人或其他人提交该行为;
(b)该人因该人被非法拘留而提交该行为;
(c)该人处于睡眠或昏迷状态,或因酗酒或其他药物而受到影响而无法同意;
(d)该人无法理解该行为的基本性质;
(e)该人误解该行为的基本性质(例如,该人误认为该行为是出于医疗或卫生目的);
(f)该人因心理压迫或滥用权力而对该行为作出陈述;
(g)由于犯罪者利用强制性环境而提交该人的行为。
武力威胁或胁迫包括:
(a)威胁使用武力或胁迫,例如恐惧暴力,胁迫,拘留,心理压迫或滥用权力;要么
(b)利用强制性环境。
(4)在第(1)款中,罔顾一个或多个性行为是否同意,包括不考虑该人是否同意该性行为或性行为。


 

引用原文:

268.14  Crime against humanity—rape

(1)  A person (the perpetrator) commits an offence if:

(a)  the perpetrator sexually penetrates another person without the consent of that person; and

(b)  the perpetrator knows of, or is reckless as to, the lack of consent; and

(c)  the perpetrator’s conduct is committed intentionally or knowingly as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against a civilian population.

Penalty:  Imprisonment for 25 years.

(2)  A person (the perpetrator) commits an offence if:

(a)  the perpetrator causes another person to sexually penetrate the perpetrator without the consent of the other person; and

(b)  the perpetrator knows of, or is reckless as to, the lack of consent; and

(c)  the perpetrator’s conduct is committed intentionally or knowingly as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against a civilian population.

Penalty:  Imprisonment for 25 years.

(3)  In this section:

consent means free and voluntary agreement.

The following are examples of circumstances in which a person does not consent to an act:

(a)    the person submits to the act because of force or the fear of force to the person or to someone else;

(b)    the person submits to the act because the person is unlawfully detained;

(c)    the person is asleep or unconscious, or is so affected by alcohol or another drug as to be incapable of consenting;

(d)    the person is incapable of understanding the essential nature of the act;

(e)    the person is mistaken about the essential nature of the act (for example, the person mistakenly believes that the act is for medical or hygienic purposes);

(f)    the person submits to the act because of psychological oppression or abuse of power;

(g)    the person submits to the act because of the perpetrator taking advantage of a coercive environment.

(4)  In this section:

sexually penetrate means:

(a)  penetrate (to any extent) the genitalia or anus of a person by any part of the body of another person or by any object manipulated by that other person; or

(b)  penetrate (to any extent) the mouth of a person by the penis of another person; or

(c)  continue to sexually penetrate as defined in paragraph (a) or (b).

(5)  In this section, being reckless as to a lack of consent to sexual penetration includes not giving any thought to whether or not the person is consenting to sexual penetration.

(6)  In this section, the genitalia or other parts of the body of a person include surgically constructed genitalia or other parts of the body of the person.

268.15  Crime against humanity—sexual slavery

(1)  A person (the perpetrator) commits an offence if:

(a)  the perpetrator causes another person to enter into or remain in sexual slavery; and

(b)  the perpetrator intends to cause, or is reckless as to causing, that sexual slavery; and

(c)  the perpetrator’s conduct is committed intentionally or knowingly as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against a civilian population.

Penalty:  Imprisonment for 25 years.

(2)  For the purposes of this section, sexual slavery is the condition of a person who provides sexual services and who, because of the use of force or threats:

(a)  is not free to cease providing sexual services; or

(b)  is not free to leave the place or area where the person provides sexual services.

(3)  In this section:

threat means:

(a)  a threat of force; or

(b)  a threat to cause a person’s deportation; or

(c)  a threat of any other detrimental action unless there are reasonable grounds for the threat of that action in connection with the provision of sexual services by a person.

268.16  Crime against humanity—enforced prostitution

(1)  A person (the perpetrator) commits an offence if:

(a)  the perpetrator causes one or more persons to engage in one or more acts of a sexual nature without the consent of the person or persons, including by being reckless as to whether there is consent; and

(b)  the perpetrator intends that he or she, or another person, will obtain pecuniary or other advantage in exchange for, or in connection with, the acts of a sexual nature; and

(c)  the perpetrator’s conduct is committed intentionally or knowingly as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against a civilian population.

Penalty:  Imprisonment for 25 years.

(2)  In subsection (1):

consent means free and voluntary agreement.

The following are examples of circumstances in which a person does not consent to an act:

(a)    the person submits to the act because of force or the fear of force to the person or to someone else;

(b)    the person submits to the act because the person is unlawfully detained;

(c)    the person is asleep or unconscious, or is so affected by alcohol or another drug as to be incapable of consenting;

(d)    the person is incapable of understanding the essential nature of the act;

(e)    the person is mistaken about the essential nature of the act (for example, the person mistakenly believes that the act is for medical or hygienic purposes);

(f)    the person submits to the act because of psychological oppression or abuse of power;

(g)    the person submits to the act because of the perpetrator taking advantage of a coercive environment.

threat of force or coercion includes:

(a)  a threat of force or coercion such as that caused by fear of violence, duress, detention, psychological oppression or abuse of power; or

(b)  taking advantage of a coercive environment.

(3)  In subsection (1), being reckless as to whether there is consent to one or more acts of a sexual nature includes not giving any thought to whether or not the person or persons are consenting to engaging in the act or acts of a sexual nature.

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